Gastroenterology
Volume 114, Issue 5 , Pages 947-955, May 1998

Rotavirus infection of cultured intestinal epithelial cells induces secretion of CXC and CC chemokines☆☆☆

Published previously in abstract form (Gastroenterology 1997;112:A944) and presented as a plenary poster at the annual meeting of the American Gastroenterological Association, Digestive Disease Week, May 1997.

Departments of *Pediatrics and ‡Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; and §Department of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

Received 23 June 1997; accepted 5 January 1998.

Abstract 

Background & Aims: Rotaviruses are the major cause of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. The target cell of rotavirus infection is the mature enterocyte of the small intestine. Recently, intestinal epithelial cells have been shown to produce chemoattractant mediators in response to cytokine stimulation and bacterial infection, suggesting a potentially important role of epithelial cells in initiating immune responses. In this study, the production of chemokines by cultured intestinal epithelial cells after rotavirus infection was investigated. Methods: Two human intestinal epithelial cell lines (HT29 and Caco-2) were infected with sucrose-purified rotavirus (strain SA114F) and assayed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for chemokine expression. Virus-like particles and inactivated rotavirus were used to test the importance of viral attachment and replication. Results: Increased messenger RNA expression and secretion of immunoreactive interleukin 8, growth-related peptide α, and RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) were detected in rotavirus-infected cells. Chemokine production was time and dose dependent and required viral replication. Conclusions: Rotavirus infection induces the expression of a subset of chemokines in intestinal epithelial cells. These data support the hypothesis that chemokine secretion by enterocytes may play a role in the initiation and modulation of the immune response to rotavirus infection.

GASTROENTEROLOGY 1998;114:947-955

Abbreviations:  ELISA , enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, GRO , growth-related peptide, IL , interleukin, LPS , lipopolysaccharide, MCP , monocyte chemotactic protein, MIP , macrophage inflammatory protein, MOI , multiplicity of infection, PCR , polymerase chain reaction, RANTES , regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted, TNF , tumor necrosis factor, VLP , virus-like particle

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☆ Address requests for reprints to: Antonella Casola, M.D., Child Health Research Center, 0366, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, Texas 77555-0366. Fax (409)772-1761.

☆☆ Supported in part by grants AI 15939 and HD 27841 from the National Institutes of Health (to P.L.O. and R.G.), the American Gastroenterological Association Industry Research Scholar Award (to S.E.C.), and the International Life Sciences Institute, Allergy and Immunology Institute (to S.E.C.).

PII: S0016-5085(98)70314-2

Gastroenterology
Volume 114, Issue 5 , Pages 947-955, May 1998

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