Effects of Lesogaberan on Reflux and Lower Esophageal Sphincter Function in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Background & Aims

Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) are a major mechanism behind reflux. This study assessed the effects of lesogaberan (AZD3355), a novel γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor agonist, on reflux and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function when used as add-on treatment in patients with reflux symptoms despite proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment.

Methods

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, patients received lesogaberan (65 mg) or placebo twice on day 1 (morning/evening) and once on day 2 (morning), in addition to existing PPI treatment. Patients consumed a standardized meal 45–60 minutes after morning doses. Ambulatory impedance-pH monitoring was conducted for 24 hours after the first dose on day 1. Stationary manometry and impedance-pH monitoring was conducted for 4 hours after the third dose on day 2.

Results

Of 27 randomized patients, 21 were included in the per-protocol efficacy analysis. During the 24 hours after treatment start, lesogaberan reduced the mean number of reflux events by ∼35% compared with placebo. During the 3 postprandial hours on day 2, lesogaberan reduced the geometric mean number of TLESRs by 25% and increased geometric mean LES pressure by 28% compared with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache (placebo: 11/27 patients; lesogaberan: 8/25 patients) and paresthesia (transient; placebo: 3/27 patients; lesogaberan: 5/25 patients).

Conclusions

In patients with reflux symptoms despite PPI treatment, lesogaberan decreased the number of TLESRs and reflux episodes, and increased LES pressure compared with placebo. These findings support further evaluation of lesogaberan as an add-on treatment in patients partially responding to PPIs.

Keywords: AZD3355, Transient Lower Esophageal Sphincter Relaxation, Partial Response, Reflux Inhibitor

Abbreviations used in this paper: CI, confidence interval, CNS, central nervous system, GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid, GMR, geometric mean ratio, GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease, LES, lower esophageal sphincter, PPI, proton pump inhibitor, RDQ, reflux disease questionnaire, TLESR, transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation