Gastroenterology
Volume 138, Issue 4 , Pages 1240-1243 , April 2010

Interleukin-28b: A Key Piece of the Hepatitis C Virus Recovery Puzzle

  • Chloe L. Thio
  • ,
  • David L. Thomas

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests Address request for reprints to: David L. Thomas, MD, Suite 437 1830 Monument Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205

References 

  1. Jessner W, Gschwantler M, Steindl-Munda P, et al. Primary interferon resistance and treatment response in chronic hepatitis C infection: a pilot study. Lancet. 2001;358:1241–1242
  2. Veldt BJ, Heathcote EJ, Wedemeyer H, et al. Sustained virologic response and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C and advanced fibrosis. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147:677–684
  3. Thomas DL, Astemborski J, Rai RM, et al. The natural history of hepatitis C virus infection: host, viral, and environmental factors. JAMA. 2000;284:450–456
  4. Kenny-Walsh E. Clinical outcomes after hepatitis C infection from contaminated anti-D immune globulin (Irish Hepatology Research Group). N Engl J Med. 1999;340:1228–1233
  5. Rodriguez-Torres M, Jeffers LJ, Sheikh MY, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in Latino and non-Latino whites with hepatitis C. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:257–267
  6. Jeffers LJ, Cassidy W, Howell CD, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kd) and ribavirin for black American patients with chronic HCV genotype 1. Hepatology. 2004;39:1702–1708
  7. Hoofnagle JH, Wahed AS, Brown RS, et al. Early changes in hepatitis C virus (HCV) levels in response to peginterferon and ribavirin treatment in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. J Infect Dis. 2009;199:1112–1120
  8. Thio CL, Gao X, Goedert JJ, et al. HLA-Cw*04 and hepatitis C virus persistence. J Virol. 2002;76:4792–4797
  9. Thio CL, Thomas DL, Goedert JJ, et al. Racial differences in HLA class II associations with hepatitis C virus outcomes. J Infect Dis. 2001;184:16–21
  10. Khakoo SI, Thio CL, Martin MP, et al. HLA and NK cell inhibitory receptor genes in resolving hepatitis C virus infection. Science. 2004;305:872–874
  11. Thursz M, Yallop R, Goldin R, et al. Influence of MHC class II genotype on outcome of infection with hepatitis C virus (The HENCORE group. Hepatitis C European Network for Cooperative Research). Lancet. 1999;354:2119–2124
  12. Thio CL, Goedert JJ, Mosbruger T, et al. An analysis of tumor necrosis factor alpha gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with natural clearance of hepatitis C virus infection. Genes Immun. 2004;5:294–300
  13. An P, Thio CL, Kirk GD, et al. Regulatory polymorphisms in the interleukin-18 promoter are associated with hepatitis C virus clearance. J Infect Dis. 2008;198:1159–1165
  14. Su X, Yee LJ, Im K, et al. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in interferon signaling pathway genes and interferon-stimulated genes with the response to interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol. 2008;49:184–191
  15. Welzel TM, Morgan TR, Bonkovsky HL, et al. Variants in interferon-alpha pathway genes and response to pegylated interferon-Alpha2a plus ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the hepatitis C antiviral long-term treatment against cirrhosis trial. Hepatology. 2009;49:1847–1858
  16. Yee LJ, Tang J, Gibson AW, et al. Interleukin 10 polymorphisms as predictors of sustained response in antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C infection. Hepatology. 2001;33:708–712
  17. Mosbruger T, Duggal P, Goedert JJ, et al. Large-scale candidate gene analysis of spontaneous hepatitis C virus clearance. JID. In press.
  18. Goldstein DB. Common genetic variation and human traits. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:1696–1698
  19. Cantor RM, Lange K, Sinsheimer JS. Prioritizing GWAS results: A review of statistical methods and recommendations for their application. Am J Hum Genet. 2010;86:6–22
  20. Rauch A, Kutalik Z, Descombes P, et al. Genetic variation in IL28B is associated with chronic hepatitis C and treatment failure: a genome-wide association study. Gastroenterology. 2010;138:1338–1345
  21. Suppiah V, Moldovan M, Ahlenstiel G, et al. IL28B is associated with response to chronic hepatitis C interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy. Nat Genet. 2009;41:1100–1104
  22. Tanaka Y, Nishida N, Sugiyama M, et al. Genome-wide association of IL28B with response to pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Nat Genet. 2009;41:1105–1109
  23. Ge D, Fellay J, Thompson AJ, Simon JS, et al. Genetic variation in IL28B predicts hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance. Nature. 2009;461:399–401
  24. Thomas DL, Thio CL, Martin MP, et al. Genetic variation in IL28B and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus. Nature. 2009;461:798–801
  25. Gibbs RA, Belmont JW, Hardenbol P, et al. The International HapMap Project. Nature. 2003;426:789–796
  26. Larkin J, Jin L, Farmen M, et al. Synergistic antiviral activity of human interferon combinations in the hepatitis C virus replicon system. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2003;23:247–257
  27. Marcello T, Grakoui A, Barba-Spaeth G, et al. Interferons alpha and lambda inhibit hepatitis C virus replication with distinct signal transduction and gene regulation kinetics. Gastroenterology. 2006;131:1887–1898
  28. Gad HH, Dellgren C, Hamming OJ, et al. Interferon-lambda is functionally an interferon but structurally related to the interleukin-10 family. J Biol Chem. 2009;284:20869–20875
  29. Tanaka Y, Nishida N, Sugiyama M, et al. Genome-wide association of IL28B with response to pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Nat Genet. 2009;41:1105–1109
  30. Chen L, Sun J, Meng L, et al. ISG15, a ubiquitin-like interferon stimulated gene, promotes Hepatitis C Virus production in vitro: Implications for chronic infection and response to treatment. J Gen Virol. 2010;91:382–388
  31. Jordan WJ, Eskdale J, Srinivas S, et al. Human interferon lambda-1 (IFN-lambda1/IL-29) modulates the Th1/Th2 response. Genes Immun. 2007;8:254–261

 Conflicts of interest The authors declare no conflicts.

 Funding Supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service grant R01013324.

PII: S0016-5085(10)00261-1

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.02.033

Gastroenterology
Volume 138, Issue 4 , Pages 1240-1243 , April 2010