Gastroenterology
Volume 138, Issue 4 , Pages 1321-1329, April 2010

Biofeedback Is Superior to Electrogalvanic Stimulation and Massage for Treatment of Levator Ani Syndrome

  • Giuseppe Chiarioni

      Affiliations

    • Division of Gastroenterology of the University of Verona at Verona, Italy
    • Valeggio sul Mincio-Department of Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera and University of Verona, Valeggio sul Mincio Hospital and Policlinico GB Rossi, Verona, Italy
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests Address requests for reprints to: Giuseppe Chiarioni, MD, Divisione di Gastroenterologia dell'Università di Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera e Università di Verona, Centro Ospedaliero Clinicizzato, 37067 Valeggio sul Mincio (VR), Italy. fax: (39) 0457 950 188
    • ,
  • Adriana Nardo

      Affiliations

    • Division of Surgery, Casa di Cura San Clemente Hospital, Mantova, Italy
    • ,
  • Italo Vantini

      Affiliations

    • Division of Gastroenterology of the University of Verona at Verona, Italy
    • Valeggio sul Mincio-Department of Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera and University of Verona, Valeggio sul Mincio Hospital and Policlinico GB Rossi, Verona, Italy
    • ,
  • Antonella Romito

      Affiliations

    • Valeggio sul Mincio-Department of Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliera and University of Verona, Valeggio sul Mincio Hospital and Policlinico GB Rossi, Verona, Italy
    • ,
  • William E. Whitehead

      Affiliations

    • Center for Functional Gastrointestinal and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

Received 3 September 2009; accepted 9 December 2009. published online 31 December 2009.

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 Conflicts of interest The authors disclose no conflicts.

 Funding Supported by grant R24 DK067674 from the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases.

PII: S0016-5085(09)02237-9

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2009.12.040

Gastroenterology
Volume 138, Issue 4 , Pages 1321-1329, April 2010

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