Gastroenterology
Volume 137, Issue 6 , Pages 1889-1891 , December 2009

A Feed-Forward Loop Involving Hyaluronic Acid and Toll-Like Receptor-4 as a Treatment for Colitis?

  • Luke A.J. O'Neill

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests Address requests for reprints to: Luke A.J. O'Neill, MD, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland

References 

  1. O'Neill LAJ. The IL-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor superfamily: 10 years of progress. Immunol Rev. 2008;226:10–18
  2. O'Neill LAJ, Bryant C, Doyle S. Therapeutic targeting of Toll-like receptors as a treatment for immune and inflammatory diseases and cancer. Pharm Rev. 2009;61:177–197
  3. Rakoff-Nahoum S, Paglino J, Eslami-Varzaneh F, et al. Recognition of commensal microflora by TLRs is required for intestinal homeostasis. Cell. 2004;118:229–241
  4. Stenson WF. Toll-like receptors and intestinal epithelial repair. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2008;24:103–107
  5. Brown SL, Riehl T, Walker M, et al. MyD88-dependent positioning of Ptgs2-expressing stromal cells maintains colonic epithelial proliferation during injury. J Clin Invest. 1997;117:58–269
  6. Zheng L, Riehl TE, Stenson WF. Regulation of colonic epithelial repair in mice by Toll-like receptors and hyaluronic acid. Gastroenterology. 2009;137:2041–2051
  7. Stern R, Asari A, Sugahara K, et al. Hyaluronan fragments: an information-rich system. Euro J Cell Biol. 2006;85:699–715
  8. McKee CM, Lowenstein CJ, Horton MR, et al. Hyaluronan fragments induce nitric oxide synthase in murine macrophages through a NF-kappaB-dependent mechanism. J Biol Chem. 1997;272:8013–8019
  9. Jiang D, Liang J, Fan J, et al. Regulation of lung injury and repair by Toll-like receptors and hyaluronan. Nat Med. 2005;11:1173–1179

 Conflicts of interest The author discloses no conflicts.

PII: S0016-5085(09)01837-X

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.10.015

Gastroenterology
Volume 137, Issue 6 , Pages 1889-1891 , December 2009

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