Micronutrients in Parenteral Nutrition: Too Little or Too Much? The Past, Present, and Recommendations for the Future

This research workshop in 2009 grew out of a concern in the United States, Europe, and other countries with advanced medicine that it was time to revisit the parenteral requirements for a number of micronutrients. Critical questions sought to be answered included the following: Were there micronutrients not routinely added that should be part of a parenteral nutrition (PN) formula? Were other micronutrients present but in inappropriate amounts? How are various micronutrient requirements altered in the critically or chronically ill?

Abbreviations used in this paper: AGA, American Gastroenterological Associate, AMA, American Medical Association, ASPEN, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, FDA, Food and Drug Administration, NAG, Nutrition Advisory Group, PN, parenteral nutrition, RDA, Recommended Dietary Allowance