Gastroenterology
Volume 138, Issue 1 , Pages 325-335.e2 , January 2010

Natural Killer Cells Are Polarized Toward Cytotoxicity in Chronic Hepatitis C in an Interferon-Alfa–Dependent Manner

  • Golo Ahlenstiel

      Affiliations

    • Immunology Section, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • Rachel H. Titerence

      Affiliations

    • Immunology Section, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • Christopher Koh

      Affiliations

    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • Birgit Edlich

      Affiliations

    • Immunology Section, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • Jordan J. Feld

      Affiliations

    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • Yaron Rotman

      Affiliations

    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • Marc G. Ghany

      Affiliations

    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • Jay H. Hoofnagle

      Affiliations

    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • T. Jake Liang

      Affiliations

    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • Theo Heller

      Affiliations

    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • ,
  • Barbara Rehermann

      Affiliations

    • Immunology Section, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests Address requests for reprints to: Barbara Rehermann, MD, Chief, Immunology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 9B16C, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1800. fax: (301) 402-0491

Received 13 January 2009 ,Accepted 18 August 2009.

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 Conflicts of interest The authors disclose no conflicts.

 Funding This study was supported by the intramural research program of the National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health; and Golo Ahlenstiel is the recipient of grant AH173/1-1 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemein-Schaft, Bonn, Germany.

PII: S0016-5085(09)01559-5

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.08.066

Gastroenterology
Volume 138, Issue 1 , Pages 325-335.e2 , January 2010

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