Gastroenterology
Volume 137, Issue 2 , Pages 453-465 , August 2009

Microtome-Free 3-Dimensional Confocal Imaging Method for Visualization of Mouse Intestine With Subcellular-Level Resolution

  • Ya–Yuan Fu

      Affiliations

    • Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Chi–Wen Lin

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Grigori Enikolopov

      Affiliations

    • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
    • ,
  • Eric Sibley

      Affiliations

    • Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
    • ,
  • Ann–Shyn Chiang

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Shiue–Cheng Tang

      Affiliations

    • Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests Address requests for reprints to: Shiue-Cheng Tang, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. fax: (886) 3-571-5408

Received 4 November 2008 ,Accepted 7 May 2009.

References 

  1. Regueiro CR. AGA Future Trends Committee report: colorectal cancer: a qualitative review of emerging screening and diagnostic technologies. Gastroenterology. 2005;129:1083–1103
  2. Gordon JI, Hermiston ML. Differentiation and self-renewal in the mouse gastrointestinal epithelium. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1994;6:795–803
  3. Wu MLC, Varga VS, Kamaras V, et al. Three-dimensional virtual microscopy of colorectal biopsies. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2005;129:507–510
  4. Conchello JA, Lichtman JW. Optical sectioning microscopy. Nat Methods. 2005;2:920–931
  5. Kiesslich R, Burg J, Vieth M, et al. Confocal laser endoscopy for diagnosing intraepithelial neoplasias and colorectal cancer in vivo. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:706–713
  6. Nathanson MH. Confocal colonoscopy: more than skin deep. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:987–989
  7. Kiesslich R, Goetz M, Burg J, et al. Diagnosing Helicobacter pylori in vivo by confocal laser endoscopy. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:2119–2123
  8. Kiesslich R, Goetz M, Vieth M, Galle PR, Neurath MF. Technology insight: confocal laser endoscopy for in vivo diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Nat Clin Pract Oncol. 2007;4:480–490
  9. Kiesslich R, Goetz M, Angus EM, et al. Identification of epithelial gaps in human small and large intestine by confocal endomicroscopy. Gastroenterology. 2007;133:1769–1778
  10. Lin HH, Lai JS, Chin AL, Chen YC, Chiang AS. A map of olfactory representation in the Drosophila mushroom body. Cell. 2007;128:1205–1217
  11. Wu CL, Xia S, Fu TF, et al. Specific requirement of NMDA receptors for long-term memory consolidation in Drosophila ellipsoid body. Nat Neurosci. 2007;10:1578–1586
  12. Xia S, Miyashita T, Fu TF, et al. NMDA receptors mediate olfactory learning and memory in Drosophila. Curr Biol. 2005;15:603–615
  13. Wang YL, Mamiya A, Chiang AS, Zhong Y. Imaging of an early memory trace in the Drosophila mushroom body. J Neurosci. 2008;28:4368–4376
  14. Liu YC, Chiang AS. High-resolution confocal imaging and three-dimensional rendering. Methods. 2003;30:86–93
  15. Okayasu I, Hatakeyama S, Yamada M, Ohkusa T, Inagaki Y, Nakaya R. A novel method in the induction of reliable experimental acute and chronic ulcerative colitis in mice. Gastroenterology. 1990;98:694–702
  16. Wirtz S, Neufert C, Weigmann B, Neurath MF. Chemically induced mouse models of intestinal inflammation. Nat Protoc. 2007;2:541–546
  17. Mignone JL, Kukekov V, Chiang AS, Steindler D, Enikolopov G. Neural stem and progenitor cells in nestin-GFP transgenic mice. J Comp Neurol. 2004;469:311–324
  18. Helmchen F, Denk W. Deep tissue two-photon microscopy. Nature Methods. 2005;2:932–940
  19. Choi B, Tsu L, Chen E, et al. Determination of chemical agent optical clearing potential using in vitro human skin. Lasers Surg Med. 2005;36:72–75
  20. Khan MH, Choi B, Chess S, Kelly KM, McCullough J, Nelson JS. Optical clearing of in vivo human skin: implications for light-based diagnostic imaging and therapeutics. Lasers Surg Med. 2004;34:83–85
  21. Wang RK, Xu X, He Y, Elder JB. Investigation of optical clearing of gastric tissue immersed with hyperosmotic agents. IEEE J Quant Electron. 2003;9:234–242
  22. Tessner TG, Cohn SM, Schloemann S, Stenson WF. Prostaglandins prevent decreased epithelial cell proliferation associated with dextran sodium sulfate injury in mice. Gastroenterology. 1998;115:874–882
  23. Amoh Y, Li L, Yang M, et al. Nascent blood vessels in the skin arise from nestin-expressing hair-follicle cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:13291–13295
  24. Amoh Y, Yang M, Li L, et al. Nestin-linked green fluorescent protein transgenic nude mouse for imaging human tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Res. 2005;65:5352–5357
  25. Hayashi K, Yamauchi K, Yamamoto N, et al. Dual-color imaging of angiogenesis and its inhibition in bone and soft tissue sarcoma. J Surg Res. 2007;140:165–170
  26. Ravnic DJ, Jiang X, Wolloscheck T, et al. Vessel painting of the microcirculation using fluorescent lipophilic tracers. Microvasc Res. 2005;70:90–96
  27. Goldstein NS, Soman A, Sacksner J. Disparate surgical margin lengths of colorectal resection specimens between in vivo and in vitro measurements (The effects of surgical resection and formalin fixation on organ shrinkage). Am J Clin Pathol. 1999;111(3):349–351
  28. Paddock SW. Confocal Microscopy Methods and Protocols. Totowa, NJ: Human Press; 1999;

 Conflicts of interest The authors disclose no conflicts.

 Funding This work was supported in part by grants from the National Science Council (NSC 96-3011-P-007-006) and the 5-year Research Program in NTHU, Taiwan.

 To view this article's video abstract, go to the AGA's YouTube Channel.

PII: S0016-5085(09)00753-7

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.05.008

Gastroenterology
Volume 137, Issue 2 , Pages 453-465 , August 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution