Gastroenterology
Volume 134, Issue 1 , Pages 21-28 , January 2008

Aspirin Dose and Duration of Use and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Men

This study was presented in abstract form at Digestive Disease Week 2007 in Washington, DC, on May 20, 2007.

  • Andrew T. Chan

      Affiliations

    • Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
    • Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
    • Cancer Epidemiology Program, Dana-Farber and Harvard Cancer Center, Boston
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress requests for reprints to: Andrew T. Chan, MD, Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, GRJ 728A, Boston, Massachusetts 02114. fax: (617) 724-6832.
  • ,
  • Edward L. Giovannucci

      Affiliations

    • Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
    • Cancer Epidemiology Program, Dana-Farber and Harvard Cancer Center, Boston
    • Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston
    • Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston
  • ,
  • Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt

      Affiliations

    • Cancer Epidemiology Program, Dana-Farber and Harvard Cancer Center, Boston
    • Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
  • ,
  • Eva S. Schernhammer

      Affiliations

    • Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
  • ,
  • Kana Wu

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston
  • ,
  • Charles S. Fuchs

      Affiliations

    • Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
    • Cancer Epidemiology Program, Dana-Farber and Harvard Cancer Center, Boston
    • Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts

Received 20 July 2007 ,Accepted 13 September 2007.

References 

  1. Baron JA, Cole BF, Sandler RS, et al. A randomized trial of aspirin to prevent colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:891–899
  2. Sandler RS, Halabi S, Baron JA, et al. A randomized trial of aspirin to prevent colorectal adenomas in patients with previous colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:883–890
  3. Benamouzig R, Deyra J, Martin A, et al. Daily soluble aspirin and prevention of colorectal adenoma recurrence: one-year results of the APACC trial. Gastroenterology. 2003;125:328–336
  4. Cook NR, Lee IM, Gaziano JM, et al. Low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention of cancer: the Women’s Health Study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2005;294:47–55
  5. Gann PH, Manson JE, Glynn RJ, et al. Low-dose aspirin and incidence of colorectal tumors in a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993;85:1220–1224
  6. Dube C, Rostom A, Lewin G, et al. The use of aspirin for primary prevention of colorectal cancer: a systematic review prepared for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:365–375
  7. Flossmann E, Rothwell PM. Effect of aspirin on long-term risk of colorectal cancer: consistent evidence from randomised and observational studies. Lancet. 2007;369:1603–1613
  8. Giovannucci E, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, et al. Aspirin use and the risk for colorectal cancer and adenoma in male health professionals. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121:241–246
  9. Rimm E, Giovannucci E, Stampfer M, et al. Reproducibility and validity of an expanded self-administered semiquantitative food questionnaire among health professionals. Am J Epidemiol. 1992;135:1114–1126
  10. Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Speizer FE, et al. Test of the National Death Index. Am J Epidemiol. 1984;119:837–839
  11. Greene F, Page D, Fleming I, et al. AJCC Cancer Staging Handbook. New York: Springer-Verlag; 2002;
  12. Chan AT, Ogino S, Fuchs CS. Aspirin and the risk of colorectal cancer in relation to the expression of COX-2. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:2131–2142
  13. Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Meyerhardt JA, et al. Long-term use of aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of colorectal cancer. JAMA. 2005;294:914–923
  14. Giovannucci E, Egan KM, Hunter DJ, et al. Aspirin and the risk of colorectal cancer in women. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:609–614
  15. Platz EA, Willett WC, Colditz GA, et al. Proportion of colon cancer risk that might be preventable in a cohort of middle-aged US men. Cancer Causes Control. 2000;11:579–588
  16. Kavanagh AM, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS, et al. Screening endoscopy and risk of colorectal cancer in United States men. Cancer Causes Control. 1998;9:455–462
  17. Wu K, Willett WC, Fuchs CS, et al. Calcium intake and risk of colon cancer in women and men. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002;94:437–446
  18. Fuchs C, Giovannucci E, Colditz G, et al. A prospective study of family history and the risk of colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:1669–1674
  19. Patrono C, Garcia Rodriguez LA, Landolfi R, et al. Low-dose aspirin for the prevention of atherothrombosis. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:2373–2383
  20. Eberhart CE, Coffey RJ, Radhika A, et al. Up-regulation of cyclooxygenase 2 gene expression in human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Gastroenterology. 1994;107:1183–1188
  21. Kopp E, Ghosh S. Inhibition of NF-κB by sodium salicylate and aspirin. Science. 1994;265:956–959
  22. Tsujii M, Kawano S, Tsuji S, et al. Cyclooxygenase regulates angiogenesis induced by colon cancer cells. Cell. 1998;93:705–716
  23. Chan TA, Morin PJ, Vogelstein B, et al. Mechanisms underlying nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-mediated apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95:681–686
  24. He TC, Chan TA, Vogelstein B, et al. PPARδ is an APC-regulated target of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Cell. 1999;99:335–345
  25. Yamamoto Y, Yin MJ, Lin KM, et al. Sulindac inhibits activation of the NF-κB pathway. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:27307–27314
  26. Shureiqi I, Chen D, Lotan R, et al. 15-Lipoxygenase-1 mediates nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase-2 in colon cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2000;60:6846–6850
  27. Steinbach G, Lynch PM, Phillips RK, et al. The effect of celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, in familial adenomatous polyposis. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1946–1952
  28. Bertagnolli MM, Eagle CJ, Zauber AG, et al. Celecoxib for the prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:873–884
  29. Peleg II, Lubin MF, Cotsonis GA, et al. Long-term use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and other chemopreventors and risk of subsequent colorectal neoplasia. Dig Dis Sci. 1996;41:1319–1326
  30. Garcia Rodriguez LA, Huerta-Alvarez C. Reduced incidence of colorectal adenoma among long-term users of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a pooled analysis of published studies and a new population-based study. Epidemiology. 2000;11:376–381
  31. Tangrea JA, Albert PS, Lanza E, et al. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use is associated with reduction in recurrence of advanced and non-advanced colorectal adenomas (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 2003;14:403–411
  32. Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Schernhammer ES, et al. A prospective study of aspirin use and the risk of colorectal adenoma. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:157–166
  33. Chan AT, Tranah GJ, Giovannucci EL, et al. Genetic variants in the UGT1A6 enzyme, aspirin use, and the risk of colorectal adenoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005;97:457–460
  34. Sorensen HT, Friis S, Norgard B, et al. Risk of cancer in a large cohort of nonaspirin NSAID users: a population-based study. Br J Cancer. 2003;88:1687–1692
  35. Suh O, Mettlin C, Petrelli NJ. Aspirin use, cancer, and polyps of the large bowel. Cancer. 1993;72:1171–1177
  36. Garcia-Rodriguez LA, Huerta-Alvarez C. Reduced risk of colorectal cancer among long-term users of aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Epidemiology. 2001;12:88–93
  37. Peleg II, Maibach HT, Brown SH, et al. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and the risk of subsequent colorectal cancer. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:394–399
  38. Larsson SC, Giovannucci E, Wolk A. Long-term aspirin use and colorectal cancer risk: a cohort study in Sweden. Br J Cancer. 2006;95:1277–1279
  39. Thun MJ, Namboodiri MM, Calle EE, et al. Aspirin use and risk of fatal cancer. Cancer Res. 1993;53:1322–1327
  40. Jacobs EJ, Thun MJ, Bain EB, et al. A large cohort study of long-term daily use of adult-strength aspirin and cancer incidence. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99:608–615
  41. Dimberg J, Samuelsson A, Hugander A, et al. Differential expression of cyclooxygenase 2 in human colorectal cancer. Gut. 1999;45:730–732
  42. Kune GA, Kune S, Watson LF. Colorectal cancer risk, chronic illnesses, operations, and medications: case control results from the Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study. Cancer Res. 1988;48:4399–4404
  43. Thun M, Calle E, Namboodiri M, et al. Aspirin use and reduced risk of fatal colon cancer. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:1593–1596
  44. Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, Zauber AG, et al. A hypothesis: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce the incidence of large-bowel cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1991;83:355–358
  45. Schreinemachers DM, Everson RB. Aspirin use and lung, colon, and breast cancer incidence in a prospective study. Epidemiology. 1994;5:138–146
  46. Muller AD, Sonnenberg A, Wasserman IH. Diseases preceding colon cancer (A case-control study among veterans). Dig Dis Sci. 1994;39:2480–2484
  47. Muscat JE, Stellman SD, Wynder EL. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and colorectal cancer. Cancer. 1994;74:1847–1854
  48. Reeves MJ, Newcomb PA, Trentham-Dietz A, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and protection against colorectal cancer in women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1996;5:955–960
  49. La Vecchia C, Negri E, Franceschi S, et al. Aspirin and colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer. 1997;76:675–677
  50. Rosenberg L, Louik C, Shapiro S. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and reduced risk of large bowel carcinoma. Cancer. 1998;82:2326–2333
  51. Collet JP, Sharpe C, Belzile E, et al. Colorectal cancer prevention by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: effects of dosage and timing. Br J Cancer. 1999;81:62–68
  52. Langman MJ, Cheng KK, Gilman EA, et al. Effect of anti-inflammatory drugs on overall risk of common cancer: case-control study in general practice research database. BMJ. 2000;320:1642–1646
  53. Coogan PF, Rosenberg L, Louik C, et al. NSAIDs and risk of colorectal cancer according to presence or absence of family history of the disease. Cancer Causes Control. 2000;11:249–255
  54. Mahipal A, Anderson KE, Limburg PJ, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and subsite-specific colorectal cancer incidence in the Iowa Women’s Health Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006;15:1785–1790
  55. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Routine aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the primary prevention of colorectal cancer. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:361–364

 Supported by grant CA55075 from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, and the Entertainment Industry Foundation National Colorectal Cancer Research Alliance. Dr Chan is a recipient of the American Gastroenterological Association/Foundation for Digestive Health and Nutrition Research Scholar Award and a career development award from the National Cancer Institute (CA10741). Dr Chan also has a career development award from the Glaxo Institute for Digestive Health for an unrelated study.The National Cancer Institute, the National Institutes of Health, the Entertainment Industry Foundation National Colorectal Cancer Research Alliance, the American Gastroenterological Association, and the Foundation for Digestive Health and Nutrition had no role in the collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data and had no role in the preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute, the National Institutes of Health, the Entertainment Industry Foundation National Colorectal Cancer Research Alliance, the American Gastroenterological Association, and the Foundation for Digestive Health and Nutrition.

PII: S0016-5085(07)01745-3

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.09.035

Gastroenterology
Volume 134, Issue 1 , Pages 21-28 , January 2008