Gastroenterology
Volume 131, Issue 5 , Pages 1392-1399 , November 2006

The Development and Validation of an Endoscopic Grading System for Barrett’s Esophagus: The Prague C & M Criteria

  • Prateek Sharma

      Affiliations

    • Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress requests for reprints to: Prateek Sharma, MD, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4801 East Linwood Boulevard, Kansas City, Missouri 64128-2295. fax: (816) 922 4692.
  • ,
  • John Dent

      Affiliations

    • Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and General Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
  • ,
  • David Armstrong

      Affiliations

    • Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
  • ,
  • Jacques J.G.H.M. Bergman

      Affiliations

    • Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
  • ,
  • Liebwin Gossner

      Affiliations

    • Second Department of Internal Medicine, HSK-Kliniken, Wiesbaden, Germany
  • ,
  • Yoshio Hoshihara

      Affiliations

    • Department of Gastroenterology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
  • ,
  • Janusz A. Jankowski

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • ,
  • Ola Junghard

      Affiliations

    • AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
  • ,
  • Lars Lundell

      Affiliations

    • Division of Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
  • ,
  • Guido N.J. Tytgat

      Affiliations

    • Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
  • ,
  • Michael Vieth

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany

Received 18 May 2006 ,Accepted 28 July 2006.

References 

  1. Mann NS, Tsai MF, Nair PK. Barrett’s esophagus in patients with symptomatic reflux esophagitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1989;84:1494–1496
  2. Winters C, Spurling TJ, Chobanian SJ, Curtis DJ, Esposito RL, Hacker JF, et al Barrett’s esophagus (A prevalent, occult complication of gastroesophageal reflux disease). Gastroenterology. 1987;92:118–124
  3. Jones TF, Sharma P, Daaboul B, Cherian R, Mayo M, Topalovski M, et al. Yield of intestinal metaplasia in patients with suspected short-segment Barrett’s esophagus (SSBE) on repeat endoscopy. Dig Dis Sci. 2002;47:2108–2111
  4. Sharma VK, Chockalingam H, Hornung CA, Vasudeva R, Howden CW. Changing trends in esophageal cancer: a 15-year experience in a single center. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998;93:702–705
  5. Gopal DV, Lieberman DA, Magaret N, Fennerty MB, Sampliner RE, Garewal HS, et al. Risk factors for dysplasia in patients with Barrett’s esophagus (BE): results from a multicenter consortium. Dig Dis Sci. 2003;48:1537–1541
  6. Menke-Pluymers MB, Hop WC, Dees J, van Blankenstein M, Tilanus HW The Rotterdam Esophageal Tumor Study Group. Risk factors for the development of an adenocarcinoma in columnar-lined (Barrett) esophagus. Cancer. 1993;72:1155–1158
  7. Sharma P, Morales TG, Sampliner RE. Short segment Barrett’s esophagus—the need for standardization of the definition and of endoscopic criteria. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998;93:1033–1036
  8. Dekel R, Wakelin DE, Wendel C, Green C, Sampliner RE, Garewal HS, et al. Progression or regression of Barrett’s esophagus—is it all in the eye of the beholder?. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;98:2612–2615
  9. Kim SL, Waring JP, Spechler SJ, Sampliner RE, Doos WG, Krol WF, et al. Diagnostic inconsistencies in Barrett’s esophagus (Department of Veterans Affairs Gastroesophageal Reflux Study Group). Gastroenterology. 1994;107:945–949
  10. Sharma P, McQuaid K, Dent J, Fennerty MB, Sampliner R, Spechler S, et al A critical review of the diagnosis and management of Barrett’s esophagus: the AGA Chicago Workshop. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:310–330
  11. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33:159–174
  12. McClave SA, Boyce HW, Gottfried MR. Early diagnosis of columnar-lined esophagus: a new endoscopic criterion. Gastrointest Endosc. 1987;33:413–416
  13. Takubo K, Honma N, Aryal G, Sawabe M, Arai T, Tanaka Y, et al. Is there a set of histologic changes that are invariably reflux associated?. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2005;129:159–163
  14. Armstrong D. Review article: towards consistency in the endoscopic diagnosis of Barrett’s oesophagus and columnar metaplasia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;20(Suppl 5):40–47
  15. Hamilton SR, Smith RR. The relationship between columnar epithelial dysplasia and invasive adenocarcinoma arising in Barrett’s esophagus. Am J Clin Pathol. 1987;87:301–312
  16. Avidan B, Sonnenberg A, Schnell TG, Chejfec G, Metz A, Sontag SJ. Hiatal hernia size, Barrett’s length, and severity of acid reflux are all risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;97:1930–1936
  17. Iftikhar SY, James PD, Steele RJ, Hardcastle JD, Atkinson M. Length of Barrett’s oesophagus: an important factor in the development of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. Gut. 1992;33:1155–1158
  18. Kim R, Baggott BB, Rose S, Shar AO, Mallory DL, Lasky SS, et al. Quantitative endoscopy: precise computerized measurement of metaplastic epithelial surface area in Barrett’s esophagus. Gastroenterology. 1995;108:360–366
  19. Spechler SJ. Clinical practice (Barrett’s esophagus). N Engl J Med. 2002;346:836–842
  20. Conio M, Blanchi S, Lapertosa G, Ferraris R, Sablich R, Marchi S, et al Long-term endoscopic surveillance of patients with Barrett’s esophagus (Incidence of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma: a prospective study). Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;98:1931–1939
  21. Shaheen NJ, Crosby MA, Bozymski EM, Sandler RS. Is there publication bias in the reporting of cancer risk in Barrett’s esophagus?. Gastroenterology. 2000;119:333–338
  22. Inadomi JM, Sampliner R, Lagergren J, Lieberman D, Fendrick AM, Vakil N. Screening and surveillance for Barrett’s esophagus in high-risk groups: a cost-utility analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:176–186
  23. Sampliner RE, Garewal HS, Fennerty MB, Aickin M. Lack of impact of therapy on extent of Barrett’s esophagus in 67 patients. Dig Dis Sci. 1990;35:93–96
  24. Peters FT, Ganesh S, Kuipers EJ, Sluiter WJ, Klinkenberg-Knol EC, Lamers CB, et al. Endoscopic regression of Barrett’s oesophagus during omeprazole treatment: a randomised double-blind study. Gut. 1999;45:489–494
  25. Wilkinson SP, Biddlestone L, Gore S, Shepherd NA. Regression of columnar-lined (Barrett’s) oesophagus with omeprazole 40 mg daily: results of 5 years of continuous therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999;13:1205–1209

 Supported by an unrestricted educational grant from AstraZeneca.

PII: S0016-5085(06)01791-4

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.08.032

Gastroenterology
Volume 131, Issue 5 , Pages 1392-1399 , November 2006