« Previous
Next »
Gastroenterology
Volume 130, Issue 1
, Pages 231-264
, January 2006
American Gastroenterological Association Technical Review on the Management of Hepatitis C
References
- . Hepatitis C virus infection . N Engl J Med . 2001;345:41–52
- . The epidemiology of viral hepatitis in the United States . Gastroenterol Clin North Am . 1994;23:437–455
- . Global surveillance and control of hepatitis C. Report of a WHO consultation organized in collaboration with the Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board, Antwerp, Belgium . J Viral Hepat . 1999;6:35–47
- . Prevalence of chronic liver disease in the general population of northern Italy (the Dionysos study) . Hepatology . 1994;20:1442–1449
- . Outcome of hospital care of liver disease associated with hepatitis C in the United States . Hepatology . 2001;33:201–206
-
.
Liver transplantation for chronic viral hepatitis
.
Viral Hepat Rev
. 1997;2:219–228
- . The course of hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation . Hepatology . 1994;20:1137–1143
- . The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1988 through 1994 . N Engl J Med . 1999;341:556–562
- . Estimating future hepatitis C morbidity, mortality, and costs in the United States . Am J Public Health . 2000;90:1562–1569
- . The burden of hepatitis C in the United States . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S30–S34
- . Burden of liver disease in the United States (summary of a workshop) . Hepatology . 2002;36:227–242
- . Projecting future complications of chronic hepatitis C in the United States . Liver Transpl . 2003;9:331–338
- . Detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus in prospectively followed transfusion recipients with acute and chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis . N Engl J Med . 1989;321:1494–1500
- . The declining risk of post-transfusion hepatitis C virus infection . N Engl J Med . 1992;327:369–373
- . The risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infection . N Engl J Med . 1996;334:1685–1690
- . Hepatitis C virus infection in post-transfusion hepatitis (an analysis with first- and second-generation assays) . N Engl J Med . 1991;325:1325–1329
- . Epidemiology of hepatitis C in the United States . Am J Med . 1999;107:2S–9S
- . Acute hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2001;33:321–327
- . Detection of HIV-1 and HCV infections among antibody-negative blood donors by nucleic acid-amplification testing . N Engl J Med . 2004;351:760–768
- . The past incidence of hepatitis C virus infection (implications for the future burden of chronic liver disease in the United States) . Hepatology . 2000;31:777–782
- . Estimating the impact of hepatitis C virus therapy on future liver-related morbidity, mortality and costs related to chronic hepatitis C . J Hepatol . 2005;42:639–645
- . Position and policy statement (policy statement on the use of medical practice guidelines by managed care organizations and insurance carriers) . Gastroenterology . 1995;108:925–926
- . Recommendations for prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HCV-related chronic disease . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . 1998;47:1–39
-
.
Management of hepatitis C
.
Hepatology
. 1997;26(Suppl 1):1S–156S
- Consensus statement. EASL International Consensus Conference on Hepatitis C . J Hepatol . 1999;30:956–961
- . management of hepatitis C (2002—June 10–12, 2002) . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S3–S20
-
.
Screening for hepatitis C virus infection in adults
(recommendation statement)
.
Ann Intern Med
. 2004;140:462–464
-
.
Screening for hepatitis C virus infection
(a review of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force)
.
Ann Intern Med
. 2004;140:465–479
- . Estimating progression to cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C virus infection . Hepatology . 2001;34:809–816
- . Clinical outcomes after transfusion-associated hepatitis C . N Engl J Med . 1995;332:1463–1466
- . Prognosis of chronic hepatitis C (results of a large, prospective cohort study) . Hepatology . 1998;28:1687–1695
- . The long-term pathological evolution of chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 1996;23:1334–1340
- . Natural course of progression of fibrosis in Japanese patients with chronic liver disease type C—a study of 527 patients at one establishment . J Viral Hepat . 2000;7:268–275
- . Natural course of chronic hepatitis C . Am J Gastroenterol . 1993;88:240–243
- . Morbidity and mortality in compensated cirrhosis type C (a retrospective follow-up study of 384 patients) . Gastroenterology . 1997;112:463–472
- . Hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma . Hepatology . 1997;26(Suppl 1):34S–38S
- . Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis C in the United States . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S74–S83
- Interrelationship of blood transfusion, non-A, non-B hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (analysis by detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus) . Hepatology . 1990;12:671–675
- . Disease progression and hepatocellular carcinogenesis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis (a prospective observation of 2215 patients) . J Hepatol . 1998;28:930–938
- . Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C (a randomised trial) . Lancet . 2001;358:958–965
- . Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection . N Engl J Med . 2002;347:975–982
-
.
Peginterferon-alpha2a and ribavirin combination therapy in chronic hepatitis C
(a randomized study of treatment duration and ribavirin dose)
.
Ann Intern Med
. 2004;140:346–355
- . Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with alpha-interferon . Hepatology . 1992;15:1013–1016
- . Impact of interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin on progression of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2000;32:1131–1137
- . Histologic improvement of fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C who have sustained response to interferon therapy . Ann Intern Med . 2000;132:517–524
- . Modeling the impact of interferon alfa treatment on liver fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis C (a dynamic view) . Gastroenterology . 1999;116:378–386
- . Effect of peginterferon alfa-2a on liver histology in chronic hepatitis C (a meta-analysis of individual patient data) . Hepatology . 2004;39:333–342
- . Interferon therapy reduces the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (national surveillance program of cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C in Japan) . Ann Intern Med . 1999;131:174–181
- . Randomised trial of effects of interferon-α on incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic active hepatitis C with cirrhosis . Lancet . 1995;346:1051–1055
- . Interferon therapy prolonged life expectancy among chronic hepatitis C patients . Gastroenterology . 2002;123:483–491
-
.
Undertaking systematic reviews of research on effectiveness
(CRD guidelines for those carrying out or commissioning reviews)
. York: University of York; 1996;
CRD report #4
- . Recovery, persistence, and sequelae in hepatitis C virus infection (a perspective on long-term outcome) . Semin Liver Dis . 2000;20:17–35
- . Hepatitis C (the clinical spectrum of disease) . Hepatology . 1997;26(Suppl 1):15S–20S
- . Natural history of chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S35–S46
- . Prevalence and clinical outcome of hepatitis C infection in children who underwent cardiac surgery before the implementation of blood-donor screening . N Engl J Med . 1999;341:866–870
- . Clinical outcomes after hepatitis C infection from contaminated anti-D immune globulin . N Engl J Med . 1999;340:1228–1233
- . Low frequency of cirrhosis in a hepatitis C (genotype 1b) single-source outbreak in Germany (a 20-year multicenter study) . Hepatology . 2000;32:91–96
- . Hepatitis C infection in patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia after treatment with contaminated immune globulin . N Engl J Med . 1994;331:1607–1611
- . Natural history of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C . Lancet . 1997;349:825–832
- . Fibrosis and disease progression in hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S47–S56
- . Progression of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 2003;124:97–104
- . Progression of fibrosis in untreated patients with hepatitis C virus infection . Liver . 2002;22:136–144
- . Volunteer blood donors with antibody to hepatitis C virus (clinical, biochemical, virologic, and histologic features) . Ann Intern Med . 1995;123:330–337
- . Genes of the major histocompatibility complex class II influence the outcome of hepatitis C virus infection . Gastroenterology . 1997;113:1675–1681
- . Influence of HLA haplotypes on the clinical course of individuals infected with hepatitis C virus . Hepatology . 1998;27:240–244
- . The natural history of hepatitis C virus infection (host, viral, and environmental factors) . JAMA . 2000;284:450–456
- . Steatosis accelerates the progression of liver damage of chronic hepatitis C patients and correlates with specific HCV genotype and visceral obesity . Hepatology . 2001;33:1358–1364
- . Fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C correlates significantly with body mass index and steatosis . Hepatology . 1999;29:1215–1219
-
.
Management of hepatitis C
.
J Hepatol
. 2003;38(Suppl 1):S104–S118
- . Rates and risk factors for liver fibrosis in hepatitis C virus infected patients . J Hepatol . 2001;34:730–739
- . Impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on the progression of liver fibrosis in hepatitis C virus infected patients . Gut . 2003;52:1035–1040
- . Hepatitis C virus and liver steatosis (when fat is not beautiful) . J Hepatol . 2004;40:533–535
- . Rapidly progressive non-A, non-B hepatitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection . Gastroenterology . 1989;97:1559–1561
- . Liver fibrosis progression in human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus coinfected patients . Hepatology . 1999;30:1054–1058
- . Influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the course of hepatitis C virus infection (a meta-analysis) . Clin Infect Dis . 2001;33:562–569
- . Human immunodeficiency virus infection modifies the natural history of parenterally-acquired hepatitis C with an unusually rapid progression to cirrhosis . J Hepatol . 1997;26:1–5
- . Hepatitis C in African-Americans (summary of a workshop) . Gastroenterology . 2000;119:1385–1396
- . Racial differences in liver inflammation and fibrosis related to chronic hepatitis C . Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol . 2004;2:463–468
- . A comparison of the spectrum of chronic hepatitis C virus between Caucasians and African Americans . Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol . 2004;2:469–473
- . Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis (a prospective study on the incidence and hierarchy of major complications) . Gut . 2004;53:744–749
- . Determinants of outcome of compensated hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis . Hepatology . 1998;27:1435–1440
- . Hepatitis C virus genotypes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis (a prospective study) . Hepatology . 1997;25:754–758
- . Rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States . N Engl J Med . 1999;340:745–750
- . The role of liver biopsy in chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S152–S160
- . Understudied populations with hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S226–S236
- . Prevention and treatment of hepatitis C in injection drug users . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S210–S219
- . Alcohol use and hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S220–S225
- . Slow progression rate of fibrosis in hepatitis C virus patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase activity . Hepatology . 1998;27:868–872
- . Natural history of hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal aminotransferase levels . Gastroenterology . 2000;118:760–764
- . Prospective study on anti-hepatitis C virus-positive patients with persistently normal serum alanine transaminase with or without detectable serum hepatitis C virus RNA . Hepatology . 2001;34:1000–1005
- . Histologic progression during short-term follow-up of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection . J Viral Hepat . 1999;6:445–452
- . Treatment of patients with hepatitis C and normal serum aminotransferase levels . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S179–S184
- . Chronic hepatitis C with normal aminotransferase levels . Gastroenterology . 2004;126:1409–1415
- . Use and interpretation of virological tests for hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S65–S73
- . Molecular diagnosis of viral hepatitis . Gastroenterology . 2003;122:1554–1568
- . Early virologic response to treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2003;38:645–652
- . Genetic heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus (quasispecies and genotypes) . Semin Liver Dis . 1995;15:41–63
- . A proposed system for the nomenclature of hepatitis C viral genotypes . Hepatology . 1994;19:1321–1324
- . Variability of hepatitis C virus . Hepatology . 1995;21:570–583
- . Course and outcome of hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S21–S29
-
.
Heterogeneous virologic response rates to interferon-based therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C
(who responds less well?)
.
Ann Intern Med
. 2004;140:346–355
- . Combination treatment of interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin in comparison to interferon monotherapy in treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 patients . Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol . 1999;31:472–475
- . Improved response to ribavirin interferon combination compared with interferon alone in patients with type 4 chronic hepatitis C without cirrhosis . Liver . 2000;20:335–339
- . Histologic grading and staging of chronic hepatitis . J Hepatol . 1995;22:696–699
- . An algorithm for grading activity in chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 1994;24:289–293
- . Fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (detection and significance) . Semin Liver Dis . 2000;20:47–55
- . Watchful waiting with periodic liver biopsy versus immediate empirical therapy for histologically mild chronic hepatitis C. A cost-effectiveness analysis . Ann Intern Med . 2000;133:665–675
- . Practices of liver biopsy in France (results of a prospective nationwide survey) . Hepatology . 2000;32:477–481
- . High body mass index is an independent risk factor for nonresponse to antiviral treatment in chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2003;38:639–644
- . The impact of steatosis on disease progression and early and sustained treatment response in chronic hepatitis C patients . J Hepatol . 2004;40:484–490
- . Steatosis accelerates fibrosis development over time in hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infected patients . J Hepatol . 2002;37:837–842
- . Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with recombinant interferon alfa (a multicenter randomized, controlled trial) . N Engl J Med . 1989;321:1501–1506
- . Recombinant interferon alfa therapy for chronic hepatitis C (a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial) . N Engl J Med . 1989;321:1506–1510
- . Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with a-interferon (an analysis of the literature) . Hepatogastroenterology . 1996;43:1544–1556
- . Meta-analysis of interferon randomized trials in the treatment of viral hepatitis C (effects of dose and duration) . Hepatology . 1996;24:778–789
- . Therapy of hepatitis C (meta-analysis of interferon alfa-2b trials) . Hepatology . 1997;26(Suppl 1):83S–88S
- . Ribavirin enhances the efficacy but not the adverse effects of interferon in chronic hepatitis C. Meta-analysis of individual patient data from European centers . J Hepatol . 1997;26:961–966
- . Long-term histologic improvement and loss of detectable intrahepatic HCV RNA in patients with chronic hepatitis C and sustained response to interferon alpha therapy . Ann Intern Med . 1997;127:875–881
- . 10-year follow-up after interferon-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 1998;28:1121–1127
- . Ribavirin treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C (results of a placebo-controlled study) . J Hepatol . 1996;25:591–598
- . Ribavirin as therapy for chronic hepatitis C (a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial) . Ann Intern Med . 1995;123:897–903
- . Tolerance and efficacy of oral ribavirin treatment of chronic hepatitis C (a multicenter trial) . Hepatology . 1997;26:473–477
- . Combined treatment with interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C in patients with a previous non-response or non-sustained response to interferon alone . J Med Virol . 1995;46:43–47
- . Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of interferon α-2b with and without ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C . Lancet . 1998;351:83–87
- . Long-term efficacy of ribavirin plus interferon alfa in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 1996;111:1307–1312
- . Interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C . N Engl J Med . 1998;339:1485–1492
- . Randomized trial of interferon α2b plus ribavirin for 48 weeks or for 24 weeks versus interferon α2b plus placebo for 48 weeks for treatment of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus . Lancet . 1998;352:1426–1432
- . Evaluation of long-term efficacy of interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin in combination in naive patients with chronic hepatitis C (an Italian multicenter experience) . J Hepatol . 2000;33:448–455
- . Combination of ribavirin and interferon-alfa surpasses high doses of interferon-alfa alone in patients with genotype-1b-related chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2000;31:1338–1344
- . Interferon alfa with or without ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C (systematic review of randomised trials) . BMJ . 2001;323:1151–1155
- . Hepatitis C virus-specific T-cell reactivity during interferon and ribavirin treatment in chronic hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 2000;118:346–355
- . Ribavirin enhancement of hepatitis C virus core antigen-specific type 1 T helper cell response correlates with the increased IL-12 levels . J Hepatol . 2000;33:791–798
- . Therapy of hepatitis C (alpha interferon and ribavirin) . Hepatology . 1997;26(Suppl 1):108S–111S
- . Ribavirin inhibits viral-induced macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and procoagulant fg12 prothrombinase and preserves Th1 cytokine production but inhibits Th2 cytokine response . J Immunol . 1998;160:3487–3493
- . The role of ribavirin-induced mutagenesis in HCV therapy (a concept or a fact?) . Hepatology . 2003;38:807–810
- . Mechanism of action of ribavirin in the combination treatment of chronic HCV infection . Hepatology . 2002;35:1002–1009
- . RNA virus error catastrophe (direct molecular test by using ribavirin) . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2001;98:6895–6900
- . The broad-spectrum antiviral ribonucleoside ribavirin is an RNA virus mutagen . Nat Med . 2000;6:1375–1379
- . Viral RNA mutations are region specific and increased by ribavirin in a full-length hepatitis C virus replication system . J Virol . 2002;76:8505–8517
- . Antiviral action of ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 2004;126:703–714
- . Modelling how ribavirin improves interferon response rates in hepatitis C virus infection . Nature . 2004;432:922–924
- . Peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C . N Engl J Med . 2000;343:1666–1672
- . Peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C and cirrhosis . N Engl J Med . 2000;343:1673–1680
- . Efficacy and safety of pegylated (40-kd) interferon alpha-2a compared with interferon alpha-2a in noncirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2001;33:433–438
- . A randomized, double-blind trial comparing pegylated interferon alfa-2b to interferon alfa-2b as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2001;34:395–403
- . Efficacy and safety of two-dose regimens of peginterferon alpha-2a compared with interferon alpha-2a in chronic hepatitis C (a multicenter, randomized controlled trial) . Am J Gastroenterol . 2004;99:1298–1305
-
FDA advisory documents for PEG-IFN alfa-2b and PEG-IFN alfa-2a
. 2005;
Available at: http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/01/transcripts/3819t1.htm and http://www.fda.gov/chrms/dockets/ac/02/transcripts/3909t1.htm. Accessed August 16, 2005.
- . Adherence to combination therapy enhances sustained response in genotype-1-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 2002;123:1061–1069
- . Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C in previously untreated patients infected with HCV genotypes 2 or 3 . J Hepatol . 2004;40:993–999
- . Peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for 12 vs. 24 weeks in HCV genotype 2 or 3 . N Engl J Med . 2005;352:2609–2617
- . Hepatitis C viral dynamics in vivo and the antiviral efficacy of interferon-α therapy . Science . 1998;282:103–107
- . Hepatitis C virus dynamics in vivo (effect of ribavirin and interferon alfa on viral turnover) . Hepatology . 1998;28:245–252
- . Viral kinetics in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with standard or peginterferon alfa-2a . Gastroenterology . 2001;120:1438–1447
- . Viral kinetics in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients during therapy with 2 different doses of peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin . Hepatology . 2002;35:930–936
- . Viral dynamics and response differences in HCV-infected African American and white patients treated with IFN and ribavirin . Hepatology . 2003;37:1343–1350
- . Monitoring of viral levels during therapy of hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S145–S151
- . The effect of interferon on the liver in chronic hepatitis C (a quantitative evaluation of histology by meta-analysis) . J Hepatol . 1997;26:1187–1199
- . Impact of pegylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin on liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 2002;122:1303–1313
- . Relationship between biochemical, virological, and histological response during interferon treatment of chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 1997;26:780–785
- . A randomized, controlled trial of maintenance interferon therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus and persistent viremia . Gastroenterology . 1999;117:1164–1172
- . Formulation and application of a numerical scoring system for assessing histological activity in asymptomatic chronic active hepatitis . Hepatology . 1981;1:431–435
- . Randomized, controlled trial of recombinant human α-interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis B . Gastroenterology . 1988;95:1318–1325
-
.
The effects of interferon alpha-2b in combination with ribavirin on health related quality of life and work productivity
.
Hepatology
. 2001;34:140–147
- . Assessing health-related quality of life in chronic hepatitis C using the sickness impact profile . Clin Ther . 1994;16:334–343
- . Reduction of health-related quality of life in chronic hepatitis C and improvement with interferon therapy . Hepatology . 1999;29:264–270
- . Interferon treatment improves survival in chronic hepatitis C patients showing biochemical as well as virological responses by preventing liver-related death . J Viral Hepat . 2004;11:148–156
- . Cost effectiveness of interferon alpha2b combined with ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 1999;30:1318–1324
- . Cost-effectiveness of treatment for chronic hepatitis C infection in an evolving patient population . JAMA . 2003;290:228–237
- . Estimates of the cost-effectiveness of a single course of interferon-alpha 2b in patients with histologically mild chronic hepatitis C . Ann Intern Med . 1997;127:855–865
- . Alpha interferon treatment may prevent hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV-related liver cirrhosis . J Hepatol . 1996;24:141–147
- . Effect of interferon therapy on hepatocellular carcinogenesis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (a long-term observational study of 1,643 patients using statistical bias correction with proportional hazard analysis) . Hepatology . 1999;29:1124–1130
- . Interferon and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in viral cirrhosis (an evidence-based approach) . J Hepatol . 2001;34:593–602
- . Treatment of chronic hepatitis C (a systematic review) . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S135–S144
- . Long-term clinical outcome after beta-interferon therapy in cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C . Hepatogastroenterology . 1999;46:3216–3222
- . Effectiveness of interferon alfa on incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and decompensation in cirrhosis type C . J Hepatol . 1997;27:201–205
- . Peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C who have failed prior treatment . Gastroenterology . 2004;126:1015–1023
- . Side effects of therapy of hepatitis C and their management . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S237–S244
- . Interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin for the treatment of relapse of chronic hepatitis C . N Engl J Med . 1998;339:1493–1499
- . Side effects of therapy for chronic hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 2003;124:1711–1719
- . Neutropenia during combination therapy of interferon alfa and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36:1273–1279
- . Hemolytic anemia induced by ribavirin therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection (role of membrane oxidative damage) . Hepatology . 2000;31:997–1004
- . Meta-analysis (ribavirin-induced haemolytic anaemia in patients with chronic hepatitis C) . Aliment Pharmacol Ther . 2002;16:1623–1632
- . Once weekly epoetin alfa improves anemia and facilitates maintenance of ribavirin dosing in hepatitis C virus-infected patients receiving ribavirin plus interferon α . Am J Gastroenterol . 2003;98:2491–2499
- . Hematologic disorders associated with hepatitis C virus infection and their management . Clin Infect Dis . 2003;37:533–541
- . Epoetin alfa maintains ribavirin dose in HCV-infected patients (a prospective, double-blind, randomiized controlled study) . Gastroenterology . 2004;126:1302–1311
- . Activation and deactivation of a broad-spectrum antiviral drug by a single enzyme (adenosine deaminase catalyzes two consecutive deamination reactions) . Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 2003;47:426–431
-
.
Prospects for hepatitis C virus therapeutics
(levovorin and viramidine as improved derivatives of ribavirin)
.
Curr Opin Invest Drugs
. 2002;3:680–683
- . Safety and efficacy of viramidine in combination with pegylated interferon alfa-2a for treatment of hepatitis C in therapy-naïve patients . (abstr) J Hepatol . 2004;40(Suppl 1):141–142
- . Controversies in the management of hepatitis C patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis . Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol . 2004;2:183–197
- . Treatment of patients with hepatitis C and cirrhosis . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S185–S194
- . A pilot study of the tolerability and efficacy of antiviral therapy in hepatitis C virus-infected patients awaiting liver transplantation . Liver Transpl . 2002;8:350–355
-
.
Long-term outcome of patients with chronic hepatitis C and decompensated liver disease treated with the LADR protocol (low-accelerating-dose regimen)
.
(abstr)
Hepatology
. 2002;36:297A
- . Treatment of patients with hepatitis C virus on the waiting list . Liver Transpl . 2003;9:S90–S94
- . Infection with chronic hepatitis C virus and liver transplantation (a role for interferon therapy before transplantation) . Liver Transpl . 2003;9:905–915
- . Antiviral therapy of patients with decompensated cirrhosis to prevent recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation . J Hepatol . 2003;39:389–396
- . Treatment of advanced hepatitis C with a low accelerating dosage regimen of antiviral therapy . Hepatology . 2005;42:255–262
- . Optimal therapy of hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S121–S127
-
.
Surprisingly small effect of antiviral treatment in patients with hepatitis C
.
Ann Intern Med
. 2002;136:288–292
- . Effectiveness of interferon α-2b and ribavirin combination therapy in the treatment of naive chronic hepatitis C patients in clinical practice . Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol . 2004;2:425–431
-
.
Durability of sustained virologic response in patients with chronic hepatitis C after treatment with interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin
.
(abstr)
Hepatology
. 2001;34:244A
- . The role of liver biopsy in hepatitis C . Hepatology . 1997;26(Suppl 1):57S–61S
- . Clinical predictors of response to recombinant alpha interferon-α treatment in patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis (hepatitis C) . J Viral Hepat . 1994;1:55–63
- . High sustained response rate in patients with histologically mild (low grade and stage) chronic hepatitis C infection. A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial of interferon alpha-2b with and without ribavirin . Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol . 2002;14:627–633
- . Combination of interferon and ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C (re-treatment of nonresponders to interferon) . Hepatology . 2001;33:704–707
- . The significance of baseline serum alanine aminotransferase on pretreatment disease characteristics and response to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2000;32:400–404
- . Pilot study of interferon-alpha and ribavirin treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C and normal transaminase values . J Viral Hepat . 2001;8:202–205
- . Peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kilodaltons) and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C and normal aminotransferase levels . Gastroenterology . 2004;127:1724–1732
- . Interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for patients with chronic hepatitis C and normal ALT . Am J Gastroenterol . 2004;99:1700–1705
- . Cost-effectiveness of interferon-α2b treatment for hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B . Ann Intern Med . 1995;122:664–675
- . Interferon-ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C with and without cirrhosis (analysis of individual patient data of six controlled trials) . Gastroenterology . 1999;117:408–413
- . Twelve weeks of follow-up is sufficient for the determination of sustained virologic response in patients treated with interferon alpha for chronic hepatitis C . J Hepatol . 2003;39:106–111
- . Retreatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S128–S134
- . Chronic hepatitis C: interferon retreatment of relapsers. A meta-analysis of individual patient data . Hepatology . 1999;30:801–807
-
.
Interferon for interferon nonresponding and relapsing patients with chronic hepatitis C
.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
. 2002;
CD003617
- . A randomized 4-arm multicenter study of interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C relapsing after interferon monotherapy . Hepatology . 2002;36:959–966
- . Efficacy of high-dose interferon in combination with ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C resistant to interferon alone . Am J Gastroenterol . 2001;96:1143–1149
- . Combined treatment of relapse of chronic hepatitis C with high-dose alpha2b interferon plus ribavirin for 6 or 12 months . J Hepatol . 2000;33:456–462
- . Retreatment for 24 vs. 48 weeks with interferon-alpha2b plus ribavirin of chronic hepatitis C patients who relapsed or did not respond to interferon alone . J Viral Hepat . 2000;7:403–408
- . Interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin in combination for patients with chronic hepatitis C who failed to respond to, or relapsed after, interferon alpha therapy (a randomized trial) . Am J Med . 1999;107:112–118
- . A randomized, controlled trial to determine whether continued ribavirin monotherapy in hepatitis C virus-infected patients who responded to interferon-ribavirin combination therapy will enhance sustained virologic response . J Infect Dis . 2001;184:405–409
- . Pegylated interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C. A trial in prior nonresponders to interferon monotherapy or combination therapy and in combination therapy relapsers: final results (abstr) . Gastroenterology . 2003;124(Suppl 1):A714
- . Interferon and ribavirin vs interferon alone in the re-treatment of chronic hepatitis C previously nonresponsive to interferon . JAMA . 2001;285:193–199
- . Interferon and ribavirin for patients with chronic hepatitis C who did not respond to previous interferon therapy (a meta-analysis of controlled and uncontrolled trials) . Hepatology . 2001;33:231–240
- . Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients who failed interferon monotherapy (effects of higher doses of interferon and ribavirin combination therapy) . Am J Gastroenterol . 2000;95:2928–2935
- . Interferon as treatment for acute hepatitis C. A meta-analysis . Dig Dis Sci . 1996;41:1248–1255
- . Interferon therapy for acute hepatitis C viral infection—a review by meta-analysis . Aust N Z J Med . 1997;27:611–617
- . High-dose interferon-alpha2b treatment prevents chronicity in acute hepatitis C (a pilot study) . Dig Dis Sci . 1996;41(Suppl):81S–85S
- . Three times weekly versus daily dose alpha-interferon treatment in patients with acute hepatitis C . Am J Gastroenterol . 2002;97:492–493
- . Natural beta interferon in acute type-C hepatitis patients (a randomized controlled trial) . Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol . 1998;30:181–184
- . Treatment of acute hepatitis C with interferon alfa-2b . N Engl J Med . 2001;345:1452–1457
- . Acute hepatitis C (high rate of both spontaneous and treatment-induced viral clearance) . Gastroenterology . 2003;125:80–88
- . Short-term inteferon-alfa therapy for acute hepatitis C (a randomized controlled trial) . Hepatology . 2004;39:1213–1219
- . Therapy of acute hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S195–S200
- . Whom? When? How? Another piece of evidence for early treatment of acute hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2004;39:1201–1203
- . Pegylated interferon α therapy in acute hepatitis C (relation to hepatitis C virus-specific T cell response kinetics) . Hepatology . 2004;39:1721–1731
- . Risk of hepatitis C virus infection among young adult injection drug users who share injection equipment . Am J Epidemiol . 2002;155:645–653
- . Is it justifiable to withhold treatment for hepatitis C from illicit-drug users? . N Engl J Med . 2001;345:211–214
- . Controlled clinical trial to assess the response of recent heroin abusers with chronic hepatitis C virus infection to treatment with interferon alpha-n2b . Clin Ther . 2002;24:1627–1635
- . Treating hepatitis C in methadone maintenance patients (an interim analysis) . Drug Alcohol Depend . 2002;67:117–123
- . Treatment of hepatitis C infection in injection drug users . Hepatology . 2001;34:188–193
- . Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in injecting drug users (5 years’ follow-up) . Eur Addict Res . 2002;8:45–49
- . Serological and histological aspects of hepatitis C virus infection in alcoholic patients . J Hepatol . 1991;13:347–350
- . Impact of alcohol on the histologica and clinical progression of hepatitis C infection . Hepatology . 1998;28:805–809
- . Clinical course and risk factors of hepatitis C virus related liver disease in the general population (report from the Dionysos study) . Gut . 1999;44:874–880
- . Host factors and failure of interferon-α treatment in hepatitis C virus . Hepatology . 2004;39:880–890
- . Interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C in habitual drinkers (comparison with chronic hepatitis C in infrequent drinkers) . Am J Gastroenterol . 1996;91:1374–1379
- . Efficacy of interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Comparison between non-drinkers and drinkers . Scand J Gastroenterol . 1994;29:1039–1043
- . Alcohol abstinence does not offset the strong negative effect of lifetime alcohol consumption on the outcome of interferon therapy . J Viral Hepat . 2002;9:288–294
- . Racial differences in responses to therapy with interferon in chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 1999;30:787–793
- . African Americans with genotype 1 treated with interferon for chronic hepatitis C have a lower end of treatment response than Caucasians . J Viral Hepat . 2001;8:264–269
- . Impaired response to high-dose interferon treatment in African-Americans with chronic hepatitis C . Hepatogastroenterology . 2002;49:788–792
- . Intensive interferon therapy does not increase virological response rates in African Americans with chronic hepatitis C . Dig Dis Sci . 2003;48:140–145
- . The impact of interferon plus ribavirin on response to therapy in black patients with chronic hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 2000;119:1317–1323
- . Peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in blacks and non-hispanic whites . N Engl J Med . 2004;350:2265–2271
- . Peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kd) and ribavirin for black American patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 . Hepatology . 2004;39:1702–1708
- . Non-A, non-B hepatitis. I. Recognition, epidemiology, and clinical features . Gastroenterology . 1983;85:439–462
- . Prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody in a cohort of hemophilia patients . Blood . 1990;76:254–256
- . Heterosexual co-transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) . Ann Intern Med . 1991;115:764–768
- . Hepatitis C in adults and adolescents with hemophilia (a randomized, controlled trial of interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin) . Hepatology . 2002;36:967–972
- . Antibodies against hepatitis C in a population of Swedish hemophiliacs and heterosexual partners . Scand J Infect Dis . 1990;22:393–397
-
.
Serologic evidence of hepatitis A and B virus infections in thalassemia patients
(a retrospective study)
.
Transfusion
. 1978;18:356–360
- . Hepatic iron overload does not prevent a sustained virological response to interferon-alpha therapy (a long term follow-up study in hepatitis C-infected patients with beta thalassemia major) . Am J Gastroenterol . 2002;97:982–987
- . Alpha interferon in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection in thalassaemia major . Br J Haematol . 1993;83:491–497
- Effect of iron overload on the response to recombinant interferon-alfa treatment in transfusion-dependent patients with thalassemia major and chronic hepatitis C . J Pediatr . 1994;125:123–128
- . Response to interferon alfa-2b therapy in mutitransfused children with beta-thalassemia and chronic hepatitis C . Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis . 1999;18:709–715
- . Long-term efficacy of alpha-interferon in beta-thalassemics with chronic hepatitis C . Blood . 1997;90:2207–2212
- . Combination therapy with interferon alpha and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in thalassaemic patients . Br J Haematol . 1997;98:850–855
- . Interferon and ribavirin as frontline treatment for chronic hepatitis C infection in thalassaemia major . Br J Haematol . 2002;117:755–758
- . Interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C infection in hemophiliacs—influence of virus load, genotype, and liver pathology on response . Blood . 1996;87:1704–1709
- . A multicenter controlled, randomized, open trial of interferon alpha2b treatment of anti-human immunodeficiency virus-negative hemophilic patients with chronic hepatitis C . Blood . 1997;89:3529–3533
- . Alpha interferon therapy in Danish haemophiliac patients with chronic hepatitis C (results of a randomized controlled open label study comparing two different maintenance regimens following standard interferon-alpha-2b treatment) . Haemophilia . 1998;4:25–32
- . Interferon and ribavirin in HIV-negative haemophiliacs with chronic hepatitis C who were nonresponders to a previous interferon treatment . Haemophilia . 2002;8:794–797
- . A randomized controlled trial of recombinant interferon-alpha in chronic hepatitis C in hemophiliacs . Blood . 1991;78:1672–1677
- . Guidelines on the diagnosis, management and prevention of hepatitis in haemophilia . Haemophilia . 2001;7:339–345
- . Interferon-alpha treatment of chronic hepatitis C in children with hemophilia . J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr . 2001;32:41–44
- . Combined alpha interferon and ribavirin for the treatment of hepatitis C in patients with hereditary bleeding disorders . Br J Haematol . 2000;108:254–258
- . Treatment with interferon plus ribavirin in anti-HIV negative patients with congenital coagulation disorders and chronic hepatitis C . Thromb Haemost . 2000;83:807–810
- . Transmission, natural history, and treatment of hepatitis C virus infection in the pediatric population . Semin Liver Dis . 2000;20:37–46
- . Children with hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S173–S178
- . Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in pediatric patients . Clin Liver Dis . 1999;3:855–867
- . An analysis of published trials of interferon monotherapy in children with chronic hepatitis C . J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr . 2002;34:52–58
- . Impaired kidney transplant survival in patients with antibodies to hepatitis C virus . Nephrol Dial Transplant . 1999;14:2455–2460
- . Impact of hepatitis B and C virus on kidney transplantation outcome . Hepatology . 1999;29:257–263
- . Acute renal failure in kidney transplant patients treated with interferon alpha 2b for chronic hepatitis C . Nephron . 1996;74:512–516
- . Chronic hepatitis C after renal transplantation. Treatment with alpha-interferon . Transplantation . 1993;56:1095–1098
- . Pharmacokinetics of alphaIFN-2b in chronic hepatitis C virus patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis or with normal renal function (clinical implications) . J Am Soc Nephrol . 1998;9:2344–2348
- . Interferon monotherapy for dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C (an analysis of the literature on efficacy and safety) . Am J Gastroenterol . 2003;98:1610–1615
- . Hepatitis C infection and the patient with end-stage renal disease . Hepatology . 2002;36:3–10
- . The tolerance and efficacy of interferon-alpha in haemodialysis patients with HCV infection (a multicentre, prospective study) . Nephrol Dial Transplant . 2001;16:1017–1023
- . A double-blind controlled trial of recombinant interferon-alpha 2b in haemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and abnormal aminotransferase levels . J Viral Hepat . 1997;4:113–119
- . High rate of hepatitis C virus clearance in hemodialysis patients after interferon-alpha therapy . J Infect Dis . 1997;176:1614–1617
- . Efficacy and tolerance of interferon-alpha(2b) in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in haemodialysis patients. Pre- and post-renal transplantation assessment . Nephrol Dial Transplant . 1999;14:2704–2709
- . Efficacy of interferon for chronic hepatitis C virus-related hepatitis in kidney transplant candidates on hemodialysis (results after transplantation) . Am J Gastroenterol . 2001;96:1170–1177
- . Interferon therapy in haemodialysis patients with acute hepatitis C virus infection and factors that predict response to treatment . J Viral Hepat . 2001;8:70–77
- . Virological and histological responses to one year alpha-interferon-2a in hemodialyzed patients with chronic hepatitis C . Nephron . 2001;88:120–126
- . Ribavirin treatment in dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection—a pilot study . J Viral Hepat . 2001;8:287–292
- . Circulating immune complexes in non-A, non-B hepatitis (possible masking of viral antigen) . Lancet . 1979;1:1265–1267
- . Effects of long-term course of alpha-interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis C associated to mixed cryoglobulinaemia . Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol . 1997;9:1067–1072
- . Interferon-alpha treatment of hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia . J Hepatol . 1997;27:63–71
- . Response to interferon alpha treatment and disappearance of cryoglobulinaemia in patients infected by hepatitis C virus . Gut . 1999;45:122–128
- . Interferon versus steroids in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated cryoglobulinaemic glomerulonephritis . Dig Liver Dis . 2000;32:708–715
- . Treatment of refractory, symptomatic, hepatitis C virus related mixed cryoglobulinemia with ribavirin and interferon-alpha . J Rheumatol . 2000;27:2172–2178
- . Longterm efficacy of interferon-alpha for extrahepatic disease associated with hepatitis C virus infection . J Rheumatol . 2001;28:2466–2473
- . Influence of antiviral therapy in hepatitis C virus-associated cryoglobulinemic MPGN . Am J Kidney Dis . 2004;43:617–623
- . Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with hepatitis C virus infection . N Engl J Med . 1993;328:465–470
- . Interferon alfa-2a therapy in cryoglobulinemia associated with hepatitis C virus . N Engl J Med . 1994;330:751–756
- . Treatment of idiopathic mixed cryoglobulinemia with alpha interferon . Am J Med . 1987;83:726–730
-
.
Prevalence of bcl-2 rearrangement in patients with hepatitis C virus-related mixed cryoglobulinemia with or without B-cell lymphomas
.
Ann Intern Med
. 2002;137:571–580
- . Regression of monoclonal B-cell expansion in patients affected by mnixed cryoglobulinemia responsive to alpha-interferon therapy . Cancer . 1996;77:2604–2613
- . Hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus infection . Hepatology . 2002;36(Suppl 1):S201–S209
-
.
Hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected patients
.
Current Hepat Rep
. 2002;1:16–22
- . Hepatitis C and progression of HIV disease . JAMA . 2002;288:199–206
- . Hepatitis C in the HIV-infected patient . Clin Liver Dis . 2003;7:179–194
- . Mortality due to hepatitis C-related liver disease in HIV-infected patients in France (Mortavic 2001 study) . AIDS . 2003;17:1803–1809
- . Hepatitis C virus infection-related morbidity and mortality among patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection . Clin Infect Dis . 2001;33:240–247
- . Influence of coinfection with hepatitis C virus on morbidity and mortality due to human immunodeficiency virus infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy . Clin Infect Dis . 2003;36:363–367
- . Hepatitis C virus is related to progressive liver disease in human immunodeficiency virus-positive hemophiliacs and should be treated as an opportunistic infection . J Infect Dis . 1999;179:1254–1258
- . Care of patients with chronic hepatitis C and HIV co-infection (recommendations from the HIV-HCV International Panel) . AIDS . 2002;16:813–828
- . Pegylated IFN-alpha2b plus ribavirin as therapy for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients . AIDS . 2003;17:1023–1028
- . Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin versus interferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-coinfected persons . N Engl J Med . 2004;351:451–459
- . Pegylated interferon alfa-2b vs standard interferon alfa-2b, plus ribavirin, for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients (a randomized controlled trial) . JAMA . 2004;292:2839–2848
- . Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected patients . N Engl J Med . 2004;351:438–450
- . Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for treatment of HIV/HCV co-infected patients . AIDS . 2004;18:F27–F36
- . Short statement of the first European consensus conference on the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C in HIV co-infected patients . J Hepatol . 2005;42:615–624
- . HIV coinfection does not compromise liver histological response to interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C . AIDS . 2002;16:441–445
- . Increased mitochondrial toxicity with ribavirin in HIV/HCV coinfection . Lancet . 2001;357:280–281
- . HIV infection, hepatitis C infection, and HAART (hard clinical choices) . JAMA . 2004;292:243–250
- . Immune recovery is associated with persistent rise in HCV RNA, infrequent liver test flares, and is not impaired by HCV in co-infected subjects . AIDS . 2002;16:1915–1923
- . Liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis C viral infection . Gastroenterol Clin North Am . 1993;22:231–242
- . Hepatitis C viral infection in liver transplantation . Arch Surg . 1996;131:284–291
- . Influence of the genotype of hepatitis C virus on the severity of recurrent liver disease after liver transplantation . Gastroenterology . 1995;108:1088–1096
- . Long-term outcome of hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation . N Engl J Med . 1996;334:815–820
- . European collaborative study on factors influencing outcome after liver transplantation for hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 1999;117:619–625
-
.
Hepatitis C infection in liver transplantation
.
Am J Transpl
. 2001;1:197–203
- . Natural history of recurrent hepatitis C . Liver Transpl . 2002;8(Suppl 1):S14–S18
- . The association between hepatitis C infection and survival after orthotopic liver transplantation . Gastroenterology . 2002;122:889–896
- . Hepatitis C etiology of liver disease is strongly associated with early acute rejection following liver transplantation . Liver Transpl . 2004;10:975–985
- . High incidence of allograft cirrhosis in hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection following liver transplantation (relationship with rejection episodes) . Hepatology . 1999;29:250–256
- . Short-term prednisone therapy affects aminotransferase activity and hepatitis C virus RNA levels in chronic hepatitis C . Gastroenterology . 1994;107:196–199
- . Impact of immunosuppressive therapy on recurrence of hepatitis C . Liver Transpl . 2002;8(Suppl 1):S19–S27
- . Early development of chronic active hepatitis in recurrent hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation (association with treatment of rejection) . J Hepatol . 1998;28:756–763
- . The clinical and immunologic impact of using interferon and ribavirin in the immunosuppressed host . Liver Transpl . 2003;9:S79–S89
-
.
Cholestatic hepatitis after liver transplantation is associated with persistently high serum hepatitis C virus RNA levels
.
Transpl Surg
. 1998;4:15–21
- . Hyperbilirubinemia and cholestatic liver injury in hepatitis C-infected liver transplant recipients . Am J Gastroenterol . 2000;95:753–759
- . Interferon-α therapy for hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation . Hepatology . 1994;20:773–779
- . A randomized study comparing ribavirin and interferon alfa monotherapy for hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation . Hepatology . 1998;27:1403–1407
- . Hepatitis C after liver transplantation . Semin Liver Dis . 2000;20:201–209
- . Treatment of recurrent hepatitis C . Liver Transpl . 2002;8(Suppl 1):S28–S37
- . Interferon-alpha 2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C after liver transplantation (a randomized study) . Gastroenterology . 2003;124:642–650
- . Pilot study of the combination of interferon alfa and ribavirin as therapy of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation . Hepatology . 1997;26:500–504
- . Iron reduction and sustained response to interferon-alpha therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C (results of an Italian multicenter randomized study) . Am J Gastroenterol . 2002;97:1204–1210
- . Iron reduction as an adjuvant to interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C who have previously not responded to interferon (a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial) . Hepatology . 2000;32:135–138
- . A randomized trial of amantadine and interferon versus interferon alone as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2001;33:989–993
- . Pilot study of triple antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C in interferon alpha non-responders . Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol . 1999;31:130–134
- . Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of interferon alfa2a with and without amantadine as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C . Hepatology . 2000;32:835–841
- . Interferon and amantadine in combination as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C patients . J Hepatol . 2001;35:517–521
- . A randomized, double-blind controlled trial of interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin vs. interferon alpha-2b and amantadine for treatment of chronic hepatitis C non-responder to interferon monotherapy . J Hepatol . 2001;34:128–233
- . Interferon and amantadine in naive chronic hepatitis C (a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial) . Hepatology . 2002;35:447–454
-
.
A randomised, open label, controlled trial on the effect of interferon plus amantadine compared with interferon alone for treatment of chronic hepatitis C
.
Hepatol Res
. 2003;26:167–173
- . Intravenous recombinant interferon-beta versus interferon-alpha-2b and ribavirin in combination for short-term treatment of chronic hepatitis C patients not responding to interferon-alpha . Scand J Gastroenterol . 1999;34:928–933
- . Long-term clinical outcome after beta-interferon therapy in cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C . Hepatogastroenterology . 1999;46:3216–3222
- . High viral eradication with a daily 12-week natural interferon-beta treatment regimen in chronic hepatitis C patients with low viral load . Dig Dis Sci . 2000;45:2414–2421
- . Twice-daily administration of interferon-beta for chronic hepatitis C is not superior to a once-daily regimen . J Gastroenterol . 2001;36:242–247
- . Immunological response to interferon-gamma priming prior to interferon-alpha treatment in refractory chronic hepatitis C in relation to viral clearance . J Viral Hepat . 2001;8:180–185
- . Interferon gamma-1b for the treatment of chronic HCV infection . (abstr) Gastroenterology . 2003;124:A718
- . A pilot study of daily subcutaneous interleukin-10 in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection . J Interferon Cytokine Res . 1999;19:1265–1270
- . Interleukin 10 treatment reduces fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (a pilot trial of interferon nonresponders) . Gastroenterology . 2000;118:655–660
- . Long-term interleukin 10 therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients has a proviral and anti-inflammaatory effect . Hepatology . 2003;38:859–868
- . Interferon and thymosin combination therapy in naive patients with chronic hepatitis C (preliminary results) . Liver . 1998;18:366–369
- . Combination therapy with thymosin alpha1 and interferon for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection (a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial) . Hepatology . 1998;27:1128–1135
- . Decrease in serum levels of markers of hepatic connective tissue turnover during and after treatment of chronic hepatitis B with interferon-α . Hepatology . 1994;19:849–856
- . Maintenance therapy with gradual reduction of the interferon dose over one year improves histological response in patients with chronic hepatitis C with biochemical response (results of a randomized trial) . J Hepatol . 2001;35:272–278
-
.
Maintenance therapies for hepatitis C
.
Current Hepat Rep
. 2004;3:23–29
- . Evolution of the HALT-C Trial (pegylated interferon as maintenance therapy for chronic hepatitis C in previous interferon nonresponders) . Control Clinical Trials . 2005;25:472–492
-
.
Comparison of therapy with PEG-Intron 0.5 mcg/kg versus colchicine 0.6 mg bid in 250 patients with cirrhosis and HCV
(Interim data from COPILOT)
.
(abstr)
Hepatology
. 2002;36:312A
- . Complementary and alternative therapies in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (a systematic review) . J Hepatol . 2004;40:491–500
-
.
Complementary and alternative medicine in chronic liver disease
.
Hepatology
. 2001;34:596–603
- . Medicinal herbs for hepatitis C virus infection (a Cochrane hepatobiliary systematic review of randomized trials) . Am J Gastroenterol . 2003;98:538–544
This literature review and the recommendations therein were prepared for the American Gastroenterological Association Clinical Practice and Economics Committee. It was approved by the Committee on September 17, 2005, and by the AGA Governing Board on November 6, 2005.
PII: S0016-5085(05)02270-5
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.010
© 2006 American Gastroenterological Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Gastroenterology
Volume 130, Issue 1
, Pages 231-264
, January 2006

